Bone
Varian Pharmed
Overview
Bone cancer is a rare type of cancer that originates in the bones. It can be classified into two main categories: **primary bone cancer**, which starts in the bone itself, and **secondary (metastatic) bone cancer**, which occurs when cancer spreads from other parts of the body to the bones. Primary bone cancers account for less than 1% of all cancers and include types such as osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and Ewing sarcoma.
Types of Bone Cancer
- Osteosarcoma: The most common type, primarily affecting children and young adults, typically occurring in the long bones.
- Chondrosarcoma: More common in adults, this type arises from cartilage cells and usually grows slowly.
- Ewing Sarcoma: Typically seen in adolescents and young adults, it can occur in bones or soft tissues around the bones.
Symptoms
Common symptoms of bone cancer may include:
- Persistent bone pain that worsens over time
- Swelling or inflammation near a bone
- A noticeable lump
- Increased susceptibility to fractures
Diagnosis
Diagnosis often involves imaging techniques like X-rays, MRI, or CT scans, followed by a biopsy to confirm the presence of cancerous cells.
Treatment Options
Treatment strategies depend on the type and stage of cancer and may include:
- Surgery: To remove the tumor and affected bone tissue.
- Chemotherapy: To kill cancer cells.
- Radiation Therapy: To target and destroy cancerous cells.
Prognosis
The outlook for bone cancer varies based on factors such as age, type of cancer, and whether it has spread. Generally, early detection improves survival rates, with approximately 66.8% of patients surviving at least five years post-diagnosis. Regular follow-ups are essential for monitoring recurrence or progression.